Authors
Title
Abstract
Natural antioxidants impact general antioxidant activity of raw material to a large extent, and, among them, polyphenols constitute the biggest group. Each technological treatment has, unquestionably, an effect on changes in the antioxidant capacity of products. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of some drying parameters applied while using infrared radiation to dry apples, i.e. air flow rate and distance between the source of radiation and the surface of the material being dried, on the antioxidant activity of and the content of polyphenols in dried apples. The analysis results of apple samples dried using infrared radiation were compared with the relevant analysis results of samples dried by a traditional method, at t = 70 ºC. When the distance from the radiation source was the longest and the air flow rate was the lowest, the time of drying was shorter by, even, 33 % compared to the convective drying method. The time of drying got longer along with the increasing rate of air flow and with the decreasing distance from the radiation source. However, while drying apples using infrared rays, the impact of both the distance from the radiation source and the air flow rate on the antioxidant activity and the content of polyphenols were not explicit. It was found that along with the growing air flow rate and at a shorter time of drying, the content of polyphenols and the scavenging activity were reduced at the shortest distance between the material being dried and the source of radiation. However, when longer distances from the radiation source were applied (20 and 30 cm), it was found that the content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity either grew or did not change along with the growing air flow rate, so, at a lower temperature of tissue. As for a 30 cm distance from the radiation source, a linear increase in the antioxidant activity was reported along with the increase in the air flow rate. Furthermore, a curvilinear dependence between the antioxidant activity and the content of polyphenols was shown; it evidenced the fact that the increase in the content of polyphenols impacted the increase in the antioxidant activity of the dried apple slices under this study.
Keywords
infrared drying, convective drying, radical scavenging activity, polyphenols content, apple slices