Fat is one of the most important ingredients used in the production of sponge cakes. The main objective of the study was to determine the effect of liquid margarines on the quality of sponge cakes and to compare it with fats traditionally used in households and in the production of cakes. The following components were used to make sponge cakes: liquid margarines, some selected plant fats of solid consistency (table margarine, fat emulsion, and butter. In the three liquid margarines (from the four margarines examined in total), the content of fatty substance was 70%, thus, their functional properties were useful. The liquid margarines had a lower content of saturated and a higher content of monounsaturated fatty acids if compared with the solid fats. On the other hand, the most beneficial quality of the liquid fats was a much higher content of PUFAs (polyenic fatty acids) along with the lowest content of unfavourable trans-isomers (TFAs) compared with the solid fats. It was stated that the effect of liquid margarines on the volume and texture profile of sponge cakes baked was very favourable and this positive effect was confirmed by the considerably high results of the sensory assessment of texture. However, the cakes produced with solid fats showed a better taste that those made using liquid margarines. Liquid margarines can successfully replace solid fats traditionally used in manufacturing sponge cakes.