Characteristic of protein-polysaccharide interactions, resulting from the specific structure of these biopolymers, were presented in the paper. Substrate requirements were discussed as well as treatment conditions necessary to form such interactions. In case of protein-polysaccharide solutions, parameters for their thermodynamic incompatibility were also defined. Next, practical implications were assessed arising from the macromolecular interactions. Some industrial applications were also referred. Apart from the traditional use in food technology new, non-nutritive ways of protein-polysaccharide complexes usability were emphasized especially in biotechnology, environmental protection, cosmetics and technology of biodegradable materials.