The subject of presented paper was to describe the effect of selected digestive metabolites (ammonia, phenol and cresol), arising while digestive process, on viability and proliferation of human enterocytes in vitro. The structural as well as functional similarities to intestinal human enterocytes has resulted in Caco-2 cell line was used in our studies. Based on determination of cell viability, cell concentration and evaluation of the DNA damages level in the cells exposed to the tested compounds, the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were investigated. Cell concentration was determined using Neubauer hemocytometer and cell viability was evaluated by trypan blue exclusion dye. For the DNA damage determination , the comet assay was used. It was proved that upon exposure of Caco-2 cells to relatively low concentrations of all tested metabolites, significant decrease in cell viability and proliferation was observed. According to the findings in this study, the growth inhibitory effect of digestive metabolites on the intestinal cells is due to DNA damages.