The presented research results refer to the factors determining the content of cholesterol and its oxidation products (COP) in dairy products. The impact of the following factors is described: animal species and breed, lactation phase, feeding methods, and health condition of udder on the cholesterol level in raw milk. The effect of technological factors on the cholesterol levels in dairy products was considered, especially of thermal treatment milk and its homogenization, addition of starter cultures showing different compositions, and storage conditions. The factors determining the formation of COP in dairy products are characterized.