Food safety is the most significant issue for any entity that operates in the food chain; it is also a prerequisite for entering the market and, in most of the countries, it is guaranteed by law. Advanced solutions in medicine, food science, technology and production processes, implementing the HACCP system and good practices are very useful, though they are not able to prevent food safety hazards, in particular the human factor-dependent risks. Such factors as inappropriate behaviour of employees, failure to follow set practices, procedures, norms or values are deemed to be proof of lacking food safety culture. The objective of the article is to present a methodology to measure and assess food safety culture and to explain it using the example of two medium- sized food manufacturing companies in Poland. The methodology applied includes 15 aspects of food safety culture that were categorized into 6 elements. That methodology made it possible to identify both the level of particular elements of food safety culture and the its overall level that was rated as excelling on the basis of the survey performed. The methodology at issue can be recommended for applications by other organizations in the food industry.