Under the influence of thermal processes and long storage time there are plenty of reactions followed in succession between reducing sugars with free amino group and amino acids, peptides or proteins leads the newly formed compounds. These compounds covers different substances called carcinogenic or mutagenic, but there has not been stated a connection between its presence in food and development a cancer, as long as a wide spectrum of positive antioxidant substances potentially influencing the human body. These compounds are formed during Maillard reaction. Some of the products of Maillard reaction have been developed lately thanks to development of new separation and identification techniques. The possibility of chemical structures and properties description in those compounds would allow to improve technological processes considering a food safety as well as its functionality.