The review present the results of studies on oat cultivation in Poland in the last ten years. The present situation and current trends in oat grain production are analysed and major production characteristics of oat cultivars are described. The progress in studies on responses of covered and naked oat cultivars to the agricultural practices affecting both yield and resistance i.e. a forecrop, a date and density of sowing, fertilization, weeding, and chemical protection, are described in detail.