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Title
Abstract
The objective of the research study was to evaluate the effect of fishing season of selected fishes farmed in Poland on the meat fatty acid profile and dietary indices of lipids in their meat. The research study involved 4 species of the Polish aquaculture fish: rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), carp (Cyprinus carpio), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and pike (Esox lucius). The fishes were obtained from farms located in the Lublin Voivodeship in two seasons: spring-summer and autumn-winter. The following was analyzed: chemical composition of meat (content of water, mineral compounds as ash, protein and fat), caloric value, Nutritional Quality Index (NQI) and also: fatty acids profile, their proportions and indices (atherogenic index – AI, thrombogenic index – TI, saturation index – S/P, nutritional value of lipids – NV and the ratio of hypo- and hypercholesterolemic acids – h/H). Regardless of the fishing season, the meat of fish species analysed was a good source of protein and it was well balanced in terms of the lipid content. The exception was a muscle tissue of pike, which was a very poor source of fat. Compared to the spring-summer season, in the autumn-winter season the meat of the fish species studied contained more polyunsaturated fatty acids including the valuable n-3 and n-3 LC- PUFAs. In the autumnwinter season, the meat of grass carp was characterized by a significantly higher (more dvantageous) proportion of PUFA/SFA, n-3/n-6, n-3 LC-PUFA/n-6 LC-PUFA and it showed significantly lower atherogenic properties. From the dietary point of view, the rainbow trout meat had the most advantageous indices in the autumn-winter season, i.e. the lowest level of saturation, the most advantageous ratio of acids with hypo- and hypercholesterolemic activity and the weakest athero- and thrombogenic effect.
Keywords
fish, fishing season, chemical composition, fatty acids, nutritional value